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Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) for Random Forest faces a specific difficulty in tuning the number of trees: the predictive score typically improves monotonically with ensemble size, so standard methods such as Tree-structured Parzen Estimator (TPE) and Hyperband require a…
Self-improving language agents are typically evaluated in isolation: an agent attempts a task, receives feedback, and iteratively refines its own behavior. Yet agents increasingly operate alongside peers whose strategies and outcomes are publicly visible. This raises an…
Travelers built an AI-powered Claim Assistant with OpenAI to guide customers through filing claims, provide 24/7 support, and scale operations during peak demand.
Engineering physical systems still depends on human talent, according to Impulse Space president Eric Romo.
Retrieval effectiveness varies substantially across queries, making it important to estimate ranking quality before relevance judgments are available. Query performance prediction (QPP) addresses this need, but most existing methods rely on external predictors after retrieval…
Self on-policy distillation trains a student policy against a teacher derived from its own parameter history, yet the teacher's update schedule -- which governs the \emph{temporal coupling} between teacher and student -- has not been systematically studied as a stability…
Early attribution of Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) activity can help defenders prioritise investigation, select countermeasures, and reduce the impact of an intrusion. Malware provides useful attribution evidence, but automated APT malware attribution remains difficult in…
To improve the real-world applicability of reinforcement learning (RL), the field of adversarially robust RL studies how to train agents under adversarial environment perturbations. In this setting, a protagonist agent optimizes a policy under environmental perturbations from…
As AI systems evolve from passive models into autonomous active agents capable of initiating actions, collaborating, and delegating tasks, the traditional boundaries of software systems blur. Traditional authorization and delegation frameworks, built around fixed principals…
Training quantum neural networks (QNNs) on quantum hardware is currently bottlenecked by the cost of gradient estimation: standard parameter-shift methods require a number of circuit evaluations that grows quadratically with the number of trainable parameters, making…
Path planning is essential for Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs). Conventional methods for incorporating human preferences into planning typically rely on either complex reward engineering or hardware-intensive solutions. Recent state-of-the-art frameworks leverage imitation…
We present BaltiVoice, a 16.8-hour read-speech corpus for Balti (ISO 639-3: bft), a Tibetic language spoken in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, with no prior publicly available ASR resources. The corpus contains 10,060 validated utterances in native Nastaliq script, derived from…
The global health care sector is under increasing strain. Decades of chronic underinvestment and constraints in recruitment have coincided with a surge in demand for services for aging populations. Gaps in provision are already taking a toll, with fragmented access to care and…
Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable progress thanks to Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) on Chain-of-Thoughts (CoTs). However, since long CoTs naturally contain trial and errors and mainstream RLVR approaches choose outcome-correct CoT…
Training modern machine learning models increasingly requires computation to be distributed across many accelerators. Data parallelism remains the default choice and is often paired with tensor-parallel sharding, but model parallelism becomes unavoidable once parameters…
Heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNNs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in modeling complex relational data, however their interpretability in high-stakes applications remains a critical challenge. Existing explanation methods suffer from two major limitations: on…
Neural networks suffer from shortcut learning, where learned features generalize well to the training set but not to in-distribution (ID) or out-of-distribution (OOD) test sets. Existing studies are all based on a few standard benchmarks, which are shape-driven. Numerous…
While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in code generation, they remain prone to replicating subtle yet critical vulnerabilities endemic to their training data. Current alignment techniques, such as Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL), typically apply…
Large language models remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that hide harmful intent behind seemingly ordinary requests such as role-play, translation, encoding, adversarial suffixes, and multi-turn buildup. Existing defenses still struggle to handle these attacks without…
Hyper-Connections (HC) replace the single Transformer residual stream with multiple streams, introducing a permutation symmetry over stream indices. We study how this symmetry is resolved in practice: whether streams specialize in a balanced way or exhibit dominant-stream…
We’re extending Project Glasswing to approximately 150 new organizations in more than fifteen countries.
This paper proposes, for the first time, a rigorous formal definition of the concept of Machine Theory of Mind, based on principles supported by evidence from cognitive psychology, neuroscience and artificial intelligence, and uses the above as a lens to examine…
LLM-based multi-agent systems exhibit remarkable collaborative capabilities in complex multi-step tasks. However, these systems are highly sensitive to single-step execution errors that can propagate through agent interactions and lead to cascading failures. To understand the…
Post-training compression is essential for deploying large language models (LLMs) under tight resource constraints. Tensor decompositions have emerged as a promising direction, offering compact parameterizations well suited to Transformer weight structures. However, existing…
Conversational AI agents require memory systems that are both scalable and semantically coherent across long interaction horizons. Existing approaches rely predominantly on large language model (LLM)-based summarisation at write time, which introduces non-determinism…
Graph neural networks have achieved strong performance on graph-structured data, but their effectiveness depends heavily on the quality of the observed graph. In real applications, graph topology is often imperfect: noisy edges may connect unrelated nodes, while missing edges…
Stronger code agents are commonly assumed to be superior teachers for post-training, yet this assumption remains poorly disentangled from task difficulty, harness design, and student capacity. We investigate this pedagogical link using Terminal-Lego, a scalable pipeline that…
We study the assignment of local tonalities to chord sequences, a task useful for harmonic analysis, composition, and jazz-oriented improvisation. Standard dynamic-programming approaches minimize modulations but can introduce unnecessarily many tonal centers. We compare this…
Test-time scaling is a powerful approach to obtain better reasoning in large language models, but it becomes memory-bottlenecked during long-horizon decoding, as the KV-cache grows. KV-cache quantization can help improve this, but current methods are evaluated under…
Vulnerability disclosure volumes now far exceed organizational assessment capacity, yet three adjacent research communities (proof-of-concept generation, vulnerability prioritization, and detection rule engineering) operate largely in isolation. Existing automated exploit…